# Local variable
x = 5
# Instance variable
@name = "John"
# Class variable
@@count = 0
# Global variable
$debug = true
# Method definition
def say_hello(name)
puts "Hello, #{name}!"
end
# Method call
say_hello("Ruby")
# While loop
while x < 10 do
puts x
x += 1
end
# For loop
for i in 0..5
puts i
end
# Each iterator
(1..5).each do |i|
puts i
end
# If statement
if x > 5
puts "x is greater than 5"
elsif x == 5
puts "x is equal to 5"
else
puts "x is less than 5"
end
# Ternary operator
x > 5 ? "x is greater than 5" : "x is less than or equal to 5"
# Open file
file = File.open("filename.txt", "r")
# Read file
contents = file.read
# Close file
file.close
# Write to file
File.open("filename.txt", "w") do |file|
file.write("Hello, world!")
end